The planet mandalore

"Visit Mandalore before Mandalore visits you. Take home some souvenirs—a slab of uj cake and a smack in the mouth."
―Baltan Carid

Taungs under the leadership of Mandalore the First settled the planet prior to 7,000 BBY. They drove the native mythosaurs to extinction, using their skeletons to construct cities of bone. The planet was named after the great leader. The Taungs thereafterwards called themselves Mandalorians. The Mandalorians traveled from Mandalore and conquered many worlds. After failing to conquer Onderon, they briefly settled on its moon Dxun.

The Mandalorians adopted other species into their ranks, and the last of the original Taung species eventually died out due to the Mandalorian Neo-Crusaders all-out attempt to conquer the Republic during the Mandalorian Wars.

The planet eventually became part of the Republic (possibly c. 200 BBY), but was marginalized and grew destitute.